Dyscalculia may still be undiagnosed in majority of children – Study

Last Updated on October 3, 2023 by Editorial Team

Dr. Kinga Morsanyi and a team of experts from the School of Psychology at Queen’s University Belfast performed medical research[1] on the prevalence of Specific Learning Disorder in mathematics (SLDM), which is also known as dyscalculia.

The study included observing the mathematics performance of 2,421 primary school children over a number of school years. The researchers claimed the number of pupils with dyscalculia to be similar to those with dyslexia.

About 108 children from the total, had received an official diagnosis of dyslexia, but just one child had officially been diagnosed with dyscalculia.

Based on the results of the study, the researchers found 112 children who are likely to have the condition.

Dr. Morsanyi said: “In society, there is sadly a widespread notion that you need a special talent to be good at math and that struggling with math is normal for some people, but this is not the case and it’s not something we would accept if a pupil was unable to read.

“Our study, which was funded by The Nuffield Foundation, shows that in almost all cases, children who appear to have dyscalculia are not being diagnosed. Within the sample of children with dyscalculia, 80 percent of the children have other developmental conditions, such as dyslexia or speech and language difficulties. As the current practice is to assign one diagnostic label to each child, this could partially explain why mathematics difficulties are so often ignored.”

She further adds “Based on our results, it seems likely that children with persistent, serious difficulties with mathematics, unlike children with dyslexia, do not receive specialist support. A child with dyslexia is more than 100 times as likely to receive an official diagnosis and educational support, and even if a child is diagnosed with dyscalculia, there is no standard process in place to support them.”

She also pointed out that according to the study, Girls, on average,  tended to have somewhat higher IQs and English performance than boys, so a similar performance in maths could actually be interpreted as a relative underperformance in the case of girls.  This, in turn, raises the possibility that girls with maths difficulties are particularly likely to not receive sufficient educational support.

Dr. Morsanyi comments “It is important to raise awareness of dyscalculia, as numeracy difficulties often lead to problems in later life, including greatly reduced employment opportunities, increased health risks, and an increased risk of involvement with the criminal justice system. For example, 65 percent of prisoners have a number of work difficulties, whereas the figure for literacy difficulties in the prison population is lower, at 48 percent.”

Reference

  1. Morsanyi, K., McCormack, T., & McGourty, J. (2018). The prevalence of specific learning disorder in mathematics and comorbidity with other developmental disorders in primary school-age children. British Journal of Psychology, 109(4), 917-940. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12322

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